Shaking

The most common technique for cocktails with citrus, egg whites, or cream. Shake vigorously for 10-15 seconds with ice to chill and dilute properly.

• Use a Boston shaker or cobbler shaker
• Fill shaker 2/3 with ice
• Shake hard for 10-15 seconds
• Double-strain for smooth texture

Stirring

Used for spirit-forward cocktails to maintain clarity and texture. Stir gently for 30-45 seconds with ice.

• Use a mixing glass and bar spoon
• Fill with ice and add ingredients
• Stir gently for 30-45 seconds
• Strain into chilled glass

Muddling

Release essential oils and flavors from herbs, fruits, and spices. Muddle gently to avoid bitterness.

• Use a muddler or wooden spoon
• Muddle herbs gently to release oils
• Crush fruits to extract juices
• Don't over-muddle to avoid bitterness

Layering

Create visually stunning layered drinks by carefully pouring ingredients in order of density.

• Pour heaviest ingredient first
• Use back of spoon to slow pour
• Pour slowly over the spoon
• Serve immediately to maintain layers

Base Spirits

Mixers & Modifiers